On the 26th of June, 2023, in the case, “ “Razak v. Uber Techs., Inc.”, the District Court in Pennsylvania ruled that Uber drivers (in this specific case, those offering an Uber Black service) are not employees of the company. The Court based its decision on the drivers’ wide range of expressions of autonomy: (i) the absence of control by Uber’s over the driver’s activities; (ii) the drivers’ ability to earn profits or incur losses; (iii) that drivers must buy or rent a vehicle to carry out the transportation service that meets the criteria of an Uber Black service; (iv) the “impermanence” of the relationship between Uber and the driver, since its duration - or even its existence - is decided by the driver.